It’s that time of the year when most of us get the chance to sit back and enjoy some well-deserved down time. But whether you reach for the TV control, or a favorite book, your choice could have implications for your long-term brain health, say researchers at the University of South Australia.
Assessing the 24-hour activity patterns of 397 older adults (aged 60+), researchers found that the context or type of activity that you engage in, matters when it comes to brain health. And specifically, that some sedentary (or sitting) behaviors are better for cognitive function than others.
The study is published in The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences.
When looking at different sedentary behaviors, they found that social or mentally stimulating activities such as reading, listening to music, praying, crafting, playing a musical instrument, or chatting with others are beneficial for memory and thinking abilities. Yet watching TV or playing video games are detrimental.
Researchers believe that there is likely a hierarchy of how sedentary behaviors relate to cognitive function, in that some have positive effects while others have negative effects.
It’s a valuable insight that could help reduce risks of cognitive impairment, particularly when at least 45% of dementia cases could be prevented through modifiable lifestyle factors.
In Australia, about 411,100 people (or one in every 1000 people) are living with dementia. Nearly two-thirds are women. Globally, the World Health Organization estimates that more than 55 million people have dementia with nearly 10 million new cases each year.
UniSA researcher Dr. Maddison Mellow says that not all sedentary behaviors are equal when it comes to memory and thinking ability.
“In this research, we found that the context of an activity alters how it relates to cognitive function, with different activities providing varying levels of cognitive stimulation and social engagement,” Dr. Mellow says.
“We already know that physical activity is a strong protector against dementia risk, and this should certainly be prioritized if you are trying to improve your brain health. But until now, we hadn’t directly explored whether we can benefit our brain health by swapping one sedentary behavior for another.
“We found that sedentary behaviors which promote mental stimulation or social engagement—such as reading or talking with friends—are beneficial for cognitive function, whereas others like watching TV or gaming have a negative effect. So, the type of activity is important.
“And, while the ‘move more, sit less’ message certainly holds true for cardiometabolic and brain health, our research shows that a more nuanced approach is needed when it comes to thinking about the link between sedentary behaviors and cognitive function.”
Now, as the Christmas holidays roll around, what advice do researchers have for those who really want to indulge in a myriad of Christmas movies or a marathon of Modern Family?
“To achieve the best brain health and physical health benefits, you should prioritize movement that’s enjoyable and gets the heart rate up, as this has benefits for all aspects of health,” Dr. Mellow says.
“But even small five-minute time swaps can have benefits. So, if you’re dead set on having a Christmas movie marathon, try to break up that time with some physical activity or a more cognitively engaged seated activity, like reading, at some point. That way you can slowly build up healthier habits.”
More information:
Maddison L Mellow et al, Should We Work Smarter or Harder for Our Health? A Comparison of Intensity and Domain-Based Time-Use Compositions and Their Associations With Cognitive and Cardiometabolic Health, The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences (2024). DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae233
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University of South Australia
Citation:
Reading books over watching TV linked to lower dementia risk (2024, December 16)
