Many species of birds are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did 100 years ago in the Chicago area and researchers believe climate change is behind it.
Those were among the findings in a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. Researchers compared recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections.
“We learned that birds in the Chicago region, at least some species, are nesting as much as 25 days earlier now than they were back in the early 1900s and late 1800s,” said John Bates, curator of birds at Chicago’s Field Museum and the study’s lead author. “This study was designed to basically look at whether or not bird species in the northeastern part of Illinois were changing their egg-laying dates over time.”
The museum has 50,000 to 60,000 eggs in its collection dating from the 1870s to the 1920s. The collection includes information about the eggs. The Field’s collection, like most, drops off after the 1920s, when egg-collecting went out of fashion for hobbyists and scientists.
The findings were consistent with other things going on in the environment because of climate change, Bates said.
“Insect numbers have been shown to be declining, too, although again, it’s hard to have good data on what each species of insect is doing,” he said. “And insects, in turn, are responding to plant leaf out, and so that’s also something that’s moving forward in time.”
The Field Museum’s Bird Division egg collection is displayed on Wednesday, March 23, 2022 in Chicago. Many species of birds are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did 100 years ago in the Chicago area and researchers believe climate change is behind it. Those were among the findings in a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. Researchers compared recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections. © E. Jason Wambsgans /Chicago Tribune via AP
Cedar waxwing eggs collected in 1897 in the Field Museum’s Bird Division egg collection are displayed on Wednesday, March 23, 2022 in Chicago. Many species of birds are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did 100 years ago in the Chicago area and researchers believe climate change is behind it. Those were among the findings in a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. Researchers compared recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections. © E. Jason Wambsgans /Chicago Tribune via AP
Common murre eggs in the Field Museum’s Bird Division egg collection are displayed on Wednesday, March 23, 2022 in Chicago. Many species of birds are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did 100 years ago in the Chicago area and researchers believe climate change is behind it. Those were among the findings in a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. Researchers compared recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections. © E. Jason Wambsgans /Chicago Tribune via AP
Besides serving as a warning about climate change, the study highlights the importance of museums’ egg collections, which are often underutilized.
“There are 5 million eggs out there in collections worldwide, and yet, there are very few publications using museum collections of eggs,” Bates said. “They’re a treasure trove of data about the past, and they can help us answer important questions about our world today.”
More information:
John M. Bates et al, Climate change affects bird nesting phenology: Comparing contemporary field and historical museum nesting records, Journal of Animal Ecology (2022). DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13683
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Citation:
Study: Many birds nesting, laying eggs earlier in Chicago (2022, April 4)
